Friday, December 9, 2011
Semester Reflection
I feel that I have learned a lot this semester! Before taking graphic design, I didn't have any knowledge of the programs Illustrator or Photoshop. Now, I am familiar with them and I hope next semester I can become more comfortable when working with these programs. I have also learned many different color schemes, what colors look good together, and how to arrange different things to make a page more appealing. I really like using clipping masks on Photoshop to erase parts of images, as well as creating images out of text using Illustrator. Next semester, I hope to improve my work and be more creative. I enjoy working on the assignments and challenging myself with new things!
Review Week 17
Have you learned something?
-yes, i have learned that the two main types of serifs are called Andate and Abrupt, which are divided into many other categories.
-serifs are traced back to Rome
-stone carvers started using serifs
-yes, i have learned that the two main types of serifs are called Andate and Abrupt, which are divided into many other categories.
-serifs are traced back to Rome
-stone carvers started using serifs
Friday, December 2, 2011
Review Week 16
How many points are in an inch? How many points are in a pica?
-72
-12
Of the seven classifications, which classification(s) would best work as body type? Why?
-blackletter because it is easy to reade
Identify the lowercase characters that have ascenders?-b,d,h,
Identify the lowercase characters that have descenders?
-f,p,q,t
Classify the following typefaces and briefly explain why you believe it should be classified that way:
serif;
script; it is flexible and has varied strokes
decorative; distinct style
san serif; no serifs, older style
blackletter; resembles calligraphy
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modern; has serifs and thick and thin strokes
slab serif; uniform line weight, thicker, square serifs
-72
-12
Of the seven classifications, which classification(s) would best work as body type? Why?
-blackletter because it is easy to reade
Identify the lowercase characters that have ascenders?-b,d,h,
Identify the lowercase characters that have descenders?
-f,p,q,t
Classify the following typefaces and briefly explain why you believe it should be classified that way:
modern; has serifs and thick and thin strokes
Tuesday, November 29, 2011
Podcast #4 Typography
Define typography?
-the art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
-the greek words "form" and "writing."
What does typography involve?
-the selection of choosing appropriate fonts, size, line spacing, and spacing between letters
What is a typeface?
-distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design
What is another term for typeface?
-font
What is a character?
-individual symbols that make up a typeface
What is type style?
-modifications in a typeface that create a design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface
What does type style "create" within a design?
-bold, italic, condensed, roman, heavy
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
-the imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters
What is a base line and what does it indicate?
-imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters
What is an ascender?
-the part of the character that extends above the waist line
What is a descender?
-the part of a character that extends below the base line
Describe a serif?
-smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character
How can the size of the typeface be identified?
-by the vertical measurement; measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender
What is a point?
-a unit that measures the size of a font
How many points are in an inch?
-72
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
-
How many points are in a pica?
-12
What is body type and where can it be found?
-type sizes that range from 4 pt through 12 pt
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
-readability
What is display type and how is it used?
-the art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
-the greek words "form" and "writing."
What does typography involve?
-the selection of choosing appropriate fonts, size, line spacing, and spacing between letters
What is a typeface?
-distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design
What is another term for typeface?
-font
What is a character?
-individual symbols that make up a typeface
What is type style?
-modifications in a typeface that create a design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface
What does type style "create" within a design?
-bold, italic, condensed, roman, heavy
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
-the imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters
What is a base line and what does it indicate?
-imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters
What is an ascender?
-the part of the character that extends above the waist line
What is a descender?
-the part of a character that extends below the base line
Describe a serif?
-smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character
How can the size of the typeface be identified?
-by the vertical measurement; measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender
What is a point?
-a unit that measures the size of a font
How many points are in an inch?
-72
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
-
How many points are in a pica?
-12
What is body type and where can it be found?
-type sizes that range from 4 pt through 12 pt
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
-readability
What is display type and how is it used?
-type sizes above 12 pt.
What is reverse type and when would it be used?
-consists of white type on a solid black or darker color background; if text is too small, reverse type can be difficult on readers eye.
What is a typeface classification?
-a basic system for classifying typefaces
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
-mid 1400's; seen in official documents such as diplomas, certificates, or formal invitations
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
-resembles calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes
When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?
-based on ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typefaces; 15th and 16th centuries
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
-wedge shaped, thicker in the middle, have a difference in their strokes; a little bit thick and a little thin; has serifs
When were formal scripts developed?
-17th and 18th century
When were casual scripts developed?
-20th century
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
-flexible and have varied strokes reminiscent of handwriting
When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
-18th and 19th century as a radical break from traditional typography of the time
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
-have a sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
-5th century; italian renaissance return to old style made the san serifs classification obsolete in the 20th century
When did they become popular?
-1920's
What does "sans serif" mean?
-without serifs
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
-uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century for advertising purposes
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
-has a uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs
Describe Decorative typefaces?
-have the most distinctive design and style
Why were they developed?
-for decorative purposes (party, event, etc.)
What are they best used for?
-pictures of objects, animals, etc. into the character design and large point size
What is reverse type and when would it be used?
-consists of white type on a solid black or darker color background; if text is too small, reverse type can be difficult on readers eye.
What is a typeface classification?
-a basic system for classifying typefaces
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
-mid 1400's; seen in official documents such as diplomas, certificates, or formal invitations
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
-resembles calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes
When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?
-based on ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typefaces; 15th and 16th centuries
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
-wedge shaped, thicker in the middle, have a difference in their strokes; a little bit thick and a little thin; has serifs
When were formal scripts developed?
-17th and 18th century
When were casual scripts developed?
-20th century
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
-flexible and have varied strokes reminiscent of handwriting
When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
-18th and 19th century as a radical break from traditional typography of the time
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
-have a sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
-5th century; italian renaissance return to old style made the san serifs classification obsolete in the 20th century
When did they become popular?
-1920's
What does "sans serif" mean?
-without serifs
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
-uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century for advertising purposes
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
-has a uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs
Describe Decorative typefaces?
-have the most distinctive design and style
Why were they developed?
-for decorative purposes (party, event, etc.)
What are they best used for?
-pictures of objects, animals, etc. into the character design and large point size
Friday, November 18, 2011
Review Week 14
Maryland Institute College of Art Graphic Design major differentiates between the Book Arts Studio option – for illustrators, photographers and print makers – and the Graphic Design Studio option, which offers a classic approach to the commercial aspects of the field.
California College of the Arts includes an internship program in their Graphics Design degree students that may occur in museums, publishing and printing houses, technology companies, or nonprofit organizations.
Parsons School of Design offers a Communications Design Degree that is within an active fashion design institution, offering a unique opportunity for networking in that particular industry,
UCLA School of Arts and Architecture has an undergraduate program in Design/Media Arts that includes immersion into the functionality of new media tools.
New York University design programs include a BS in Digital Communications and Media, and a Masters program in Graphics Communication Management and Technology.
What is a portfolio?
-A set if pieces of created work collected by someone to display their skills (for a job or school etc.)
What is the importance of a portfolio?
-A portfolio can display a person's talents and help them get into a school or get a job that they want
California College of the Arts includes an internship program in their Graphics Design degree students that may occur in museums, publishing and printing houses, technology companies, or nonprofit organizations.
Parsons School of Design offers a Communications Design Degree that is within an active fashion design institution, offering a unique opportunity for networking in that particular industry,
UCLA School of Arts and Architecture has an undergraduate program in Design/Media Arts that includes immersion into the functionality of new media tools.
New York University design programs include a BS in Digital Communications and Media, and a Masters program in Graphics Communication Management and Technology.
What is a portfolio?
-A set if pieces of created work collected by someone to display their skills (for a job or school etc.)
What is the importance of a portfolio?
-A portfolio can display a person's talents and help them get into a school or get a job that they want
Friday, November 11, 2011
Review Week 13
Balance: Image is well balance by evenly distributing colors and shapes
Unity: Unity is used in the design; there isn't a lot of randomness in the design
Harmony: Uses a lot of wavy lines and organic shapes instead of one big geometric shape
Pattern: The use of the same image to create this design
Contrast: Using black and white to create a focus on certain parts of the image
Emphasis: The background is blurred to create emphasis on the flower and make it stand out
Movement: Wavy lines are used to make it seem like the objects in the sky are in motion
Rhythm: The regular reoccurance of an object
How do you add a layer mask to a particular layer?
-You click "add layer mask" at the bottom of the layers palette
What two colors are used to create the mask?
-black and white
Describe the process of using a layer mask?
-You click "add layer mask" at the bottom of the layers palette
What two colors are used to create the mask?
-black and white
Describe the process of using a layer mask?
-it allows you to erase parts of an image without actually deleting the image itself
Stephen Kroninger
What kind of art/design does he produce?
-animation; children's books
In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
--The New Yorker and The New York Times
Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...
Was this piece published? Where?
What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?Line, Proportion, Shape
-A lot of the objects are different sizes, making it more interesting to look at and more appealing as a children's book.
What elements of design were utilized?
-balance, repetition
-animation; children's books
In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
--The New Yorker and The New York Times
Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...
Was this piece published? Where?
What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?Line, Proportion, Shape
-A lot of the objects are different sizes, making it more interesting to look at and more appealing as a children's book.
What elements of design were utilized?
-balance, repetition
Review Week 12
How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?
-designers can use different techniques and principles to make a a design more appealing and make it flow well
What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?
-scale: overall size
-proportion: relative size within the work
-unity: repetition
-balance: equalizing rhythm
-direction: visual paths in the work
-emphasis: focal point
-designers can use different techniques and principles to make a a design more appealing and make it flow well
What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?
-scale: overall size
-proportion: relative size within the work
-unity: repetition
-balance: equalizing rhythm
-direction: visual paths in the work
-emphasis: focal point
Wednesday, November 2, 2011
Podcast #3 Principles of Design
Define principles of design?
-concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition
What do the principles of design affect?
-the message of the work
What is the principle of repetition?-an aspect or element of the design throughout the entire document
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
-ties the piece together; controls readers eye
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
-repeating design elements
What should you avoid when working with repetition?
-not to repeat too much
What is the principle of proportion/scale?
-the relative size and scale of the various elements of a design
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?-human body
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?
-unusual or unexpected scale
What is the principle of balance?
-distribution of heavy and light elements on a page
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
-larger elements; irregular
What is another name for symmetrical balance?
-formal balance
Define symmetrical balance?
-occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed around a central, vertical, or horizontal axiz
What is another name for asymmetrical balance?
-informal
Define asymmetrical balance?
-when the weight is not evenly distributed around a central axis
What is the principle of emphasis?
-the stressing of an area of focus
What happens to a design that has no focus?
-nothing stands out
What is a focal point and how is it created?
-a center of interest; by making one element dominant
How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
-one
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
-sudden change in direction, size, shape, texture, color, tone, or line
What is the principle of unity?
-wholeness of a composition
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1. put objects close to one another in a composition
2. make things similar (textures, colors, shapes)
3. direct vision by a line that travels around the composition
What is the principle of variety?
-differences and diversity
What ways can a designer add variety to a design?
-vary textures, colors, shapes, contrast, tone
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?
-too much unity can be boring; too much variety can be overwhelming
What is figure?
-a form, sillhouette, or shape
What is another name for figure?
-positive shape
What is ground?
-surrounding area around the figure
What is another name for ground?
-negative space
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?
-
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
-figure/ground relationship is important
What is the principle of rhythm?
-continuity or organized movement in space and time
How is rhythm achieved?
-through the orderly repetition of any element, line, shape, value, tone, or texture
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1. intervals between the elements are similar in size
2. organic sense of movement
3. sequence of shapes
How does rhythm help a composition/design?
- can add life and interaction to an otherwise inanimate page
What is the principle of contrast?
-occurs when 2 related elements are different
How can contrast help a design?
-can draw the viewers eye into the piece
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?
-too little similarity becomes boring; too much is too confusing
What is the key to working with contrast?
-to make sure the differences are obvious
What are some common ways of creating contrast?
-creating differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction, and movement
-concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition
What do the principles of design affect?
-the message of the work
What is the principle of repetition?-an aspect or element of the design throughout the entire document
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
-ties the piece together; controls readers eye
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
-repeating design elements
What should you avoid when working with repetition?
-not to repeat too much
What is the principle of proportion/scale?
-the relative size and scale of the various elements of a design
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?-human body
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?
-unusual or unexpected scale
What is the principle of balance?
-distribution of heavy and light elements on a page
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
-larger elements; irregular
What is another name for symmetrical balance?
-formal balance
Define symmetrical balance?
-occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed around a central, vertical, or horizontal axiz
What is another name for asymmetrical balance?
-informal
Define asymmetrical balance?
-when the weight is not evenly distributed around a central axis
What is the principle of emphasis?
-the stressing of an area of focus
What happens to a design that has no focus?
-nothing stands out
What is a focal point and how is it created?
-a center of interest; by making one element dominant
How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
-one
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
-sudden change in direction, size, shape, texture, color, tone, or line
What is the principle of unity?
-wholeness of a composition
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1. put objects close to one another in a composition
2. make things similar (textures, colors, shapes)
3. direct vision by a line that travels around the composition
What is the principle of variety?
-differences and diversity
What ways can a designer add variety to a design?
-vary textures, colors, shapes, contrast, tone
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?
-too much unity can be boring; too much variety can be overwhelming
What is figure?
-a form, sillhouette, or shape
What is another name for figure?
-positive shape
What is ground?
-surrounding area around the figure
What is another name for ground?
-negative space
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?
-
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
-figure/ground relationship is important
What is the principle of rhythm?
-continuity or organized movement in space and time
How is rhythm achieved?
-through the orderly repetition of any element, line, shape, value, tone, or texture
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1. intervals between the elements are similar in size
2. organic sense of movement
3. sequence of shapes
How does rhythm help a composition/design?
- can add life and interaction to an otherwise inanimate page
What is the principle of contrast?
-occurs when 2 related elements are different
How can contrast help a design?
-can draw the viewers eye into the piece
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?
-too little similarity becomes boring; too much is too confusing
What is the key to working with contrast?
-to make sure the differences are obvious
What are some common ways of creating contrast?
-creating differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction, and movement
Monday, October 24, 2011
Friday, October 21, 2011
Andy Warhol
Within what art genre did Warhol work?
-pop art
-pop art
Define the genre?
-pop art is art based on modern popular culture and popular media
During what years was he alive?
-1928-1959
Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece.
Title of the piece?
-Grey Marilyn Monroe
Describe the color that he utilizes. Does he use any particular color scheme?
-Warhol uses different shades of one color in this piece. That means that it has a monochromatic color scheme
What do you notice about the artwork itself?
-It doesn't look traditional; it is a more modern and fun way of making a portrait of Marilyn Monroe
Title of the piece?
-Bianca Jagger's Birthday Party
Describe the color that he utilizes. Does he use any particular color scheme?
-split analogous color scheme; uses yellow, red, and green
What do you notice about the artwork itself?
-it is split into thirds where the different colors are used; looks like a cartoon
Friday, October 14, 2011
Review Week 9
Compare and contrast vector graphics and pixel images.
-Raster images are a collection of tiny dots called pixels. Each pixel is made up of a tiny square filled with color. Vector images are a collection of shapes and objects put together to create a picture.
What resolution is necessary to print raster images?
-300
What resolution is necessary to display raster images on the internet?
-72
-Raster images are a collection of tiny dots called pixels. Each pixel is made up of a tiny square filled with color. Vector images are a collection of shapes and objects put together to create a picture.
What resolution is necessary to print raster images?
-300
What resolution is necessary to display raster images on the internet?
-72
Friday, October 7, 2011
Steve Jobs
Who is Steve Jobs?
-Steve Jobs is the co-founder of Apple
-Steve Jobs is the co-founder of Apple
What company was he CEO for many years?
-Apple
-Apple
What did he do for the computer industry?
-He created new project designs and aesthetics, and created new ideas out of existing products
-He created new project designs and aesthetics, and created new ideas out of existing products
How did this man impact the graphic design industry?
-He invented new products and applications that are very useful for graphic designers
Review Week 8
Why must designers pay close attention to how color is utilized within a composition?
-the meaning of color impacts all visual communications; it is important to understand how color is used in out culture
-the meaning of color impacts all visual communications; it is important to understand how color is used in out culture
Why is the color wheel an important tool for graphic designers?
-it shows the relationship between primary, secondary, and tertiary colors
-it shows the relationship between primary, secondary, and tertiary colors
Find an example of neutral colors utilized within a design (hint: google poster design). Near the sample, discuss why you feel the designer included neutral colors within the composition.
I think the neutral colors work very well in this composition. It creates a feeling of mystery and adds suspicion to the design. It also puts emphasis on the red color.
Briefly describe how we "see" the color of an object?
-The color of an object depends on how the light reflects off of it
-The color of an object depends on how the light reflects off of it
Friday, September 30, 2011
Podcast #2 Color Theory
The right use of color can do what?
-maximize productivity, minimize visual fatigue, and relax the whole body
-maximize productivity, minimize visual fatigue, and relax the whole body
Within the electromagnetic spectrum, which waves allow us to see color?
-visible light waves
-visible light waves
Describe white light?
-equal parts of all colors in visible light spectrum
-equal parts of all colors in visible light spectrum
How do we see color if objects "have no color of their own"?
-when they absorb or reflect colors in the visible light spectrum
-when they absorb or reflect colors in the visible light spectrum
What is a glass prism?
-transparent triangular object that breaks white light into all the colors of the visible light spectrum
-transparent triangular object that breaks white light into all the colors of the visible light spectrum
What seven colors result when white light is refracted through a prism?
-red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet
-red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet
Describe hue?
the color itself
the color itself
When does white light occur?
-when all the wavelengths are reflected back to your eye
-when all the wavelengths are reflected back to your eye
When does black light occur?
-when no light is reflected back to your eye
-when no light is reflected back to your eye
How color is perceived depends on what?
-the type of light it is seen with
-the type of light it is seen with
What is a color wheel?
-a visual tool that shows the relationship between primary, secondary, and tertiary colors
-a visual tool that shows the relationship between primary, secondary, and tertiary colors
What are primary colors? Name them?
-red, yellow, and blue
-red, yellow, and blue
What are secondary colors? Name them?
-orange, green, and violet
What are tertiary colors? Name them?
-named by the two colors that are used to create them (red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, etc.)-primary colors are named first
What are neutral colors? How can they be created?
-named by the two colors that are used to create them (red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, etc.)-primary colors are named first
What are neutral colors? How can they be created?
-don't show up on the color wheel
-colors of very low saturation (intensity of the color)
-colors of very low saturation (intensity of the color)
-blacks, grays, whites, and browns
-created by mixing a complementary color pair
How can a neutral color help a design?
-neutral colors help put the focus on other colors or serve to tone down overpowering colors
-neutral colors help put the focus on other colors or serve to tone down overpowering colors
What are complementary colors? Name them?
-colors that are opposite of each other on a color wheel
-red and green, orange and blue, yellow and violet
What is color value?
-lightness or darkness of the hue
What is a shade?
-adding black to a hue to produce a low-value color
-adding black to a hue to produce a low-value color
What is a tint?
-adding white to a hue to produce a high-value color
-adding white to a hue to produce a high-value color
What is saturation/intensity?
-brightness of a color
-brightness of a color
What happens when you mix complementary colors together?
-produces a dull tone
-produces a dull tone
Describe color harmony?
-a pleasing arrangement of parts
-pleasing to the eye
-a pleasing arrangement of parts
-pleasing to the eye
What is a color scheme?
-harmonious color combinations used to create style and appeal
-harmonious color combinations used to create style and appeal
Describe a monochromatic color scheme?
-uses tints and shades (values) of one color
-uses tints and shades (values) of one color
Describe an analogous color scheme?
-uses 3 adjacent colors (one dominant and two used to enrich the scheme)
-uses 3 adjacent colors (one dominant and two used to enrich the scheme)
Describe a complementary color scheme?
-uses 2 colors opposite of each other on a color wheel
-uses 2 colors opposite of each other on a color wheel
Describe a split-complementary color scheme?
-uses 3 colors (1 color, 2 adjacent)
-uses 3 colors (1 color, 2 adjacent)
Describe a triadic color scheme?
-uses 3 colors equally spaced around a color wheel
-uses 3 colors equally spaced around a color wheel
What colors are considered to be warm colors?
-yellows, oranges, and reds
-yellows, oranges, and reds
Describe a warm color scheme?
-bold and energetic
-bold and energetic
What colors are considered to be cool colors?
-blues, greens, and violets
-blues, greens, and violets
Describe a cool color scheme?
-passiveness, comfort, nurturing
-passiveness, comfort, nurturing
Why is important to consider which colors are being used within a design?
-the meaning of color impacts all visual communications; it is important to understand how color is used in out culture
-the meaning of color impacts all visual communications; it is important to understand how color is used in out culture
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